{"id":3187,"date":"2015-06-02T11:02:43","date_gmt":"2015-06-02T03:02:43","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org\/journal\/?p=3187"},"modified":"2015-06-02T11:03:02","modified_gmt":"2015-06-02T03:03:02","slug":"organizational-leadership-researc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187","title":{"rendered":"Organizational Leadership Researc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Min-Ping Huang<\/strong><br \/>\nDepartment of Business Administration\u00a0Yuan Ze University<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Parallel to the research emphasis on organizational leadership in the West, academic journals of Taiwan have also published more than one thousand research papers on this issue in the past twenty years. These studies involved subjects from various organizations, such as business corporations, schools, hospitals, athletic teams, government and military units. The booming of leadership research in Taiwan and the effort of researchers to import and investigate leadership issues from the West are evident. However, on the other hand, these studies might have frameworks and hypotheses adapted from the Western research rather constructed from emic perspective. The scene is gradually changing since researchers in Taiwan started conducting indigenous research. This paper is aimed to review and comment on organizational leadership research in Taiwan over the past thirty years to describe the development paths, discuss important issues, and suggest possible directions for future researches.<\/p>\n<p>Keywords: etic approach, emic approach, trait and behavior approach, contingency approach, charismatic leadership, transformational leadership, implicit personality theory, paternalistic leadership, differential leadership<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration\u00a0Yu <span class=\"ellipsis\">&hellip;<\/span> <span class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187\" class=\"more-link\"><span>Read More &rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[109],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-109"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 4.9.8 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"max-image-preview:large\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\"\/>\n\t<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"generator\" content=\"All in One SEO (AIOSEO) 4.9.8\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"zh_TW\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76 | \u300a\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5275\u8fa6\u65bc1999\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b63\u520a\u5f62\u5f0f\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u81ea\u7b2c58\u671f\u8d77\u6539\u70ba\u534a\u5e74\u520a\uff0c\u65bc6\u6708\u53ca12\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u7d50\u5408\u5404\u500b\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52d5\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u5f37\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u6216\u5178\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u5171\u5275\u3002  \u672c\u520a\u4ee5\u5275\u65b0\u3001\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u878d\u5408\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7de8\u8f2f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u958b\u95ca\u7684\u5712\u5730\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u8207\u5178\u7bc4\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\uff1b\u5728\u5167\u5bb9\u53d6\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u517c\u5177\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002  \u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u672c\u520a\u8a2d\u6709\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u540c\u5115\u5be9\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7de8\u59d4\u6703\u4e26\u7db2\u7f85\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u5168\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7de8\u5be9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5167\u5bb9\u4e0d\u50c5\u6d89\u7375\u570b\u969b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ea6\u878d\u5408\u5728\u5730\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u7576\u524d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u8207\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b61\u8fce\u60a8\u7684\u8a02\u95b1\u53ca\u8cdc\u7a3f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6df1\u8015\u8207\u8301\u58ef\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7d93\u71df\u4e00\u4efd\u6709\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u520a\u7269\u3002\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-06-02T03:02:43+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2015-06-02T03:03:02+00:00\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:title\" content=\"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\" \/>\n\t\t<meta name=\"twitter:description\" content=\"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu\" \/>\n\t\t<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"aioseo-schema\">\n\t\t\t{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#article\",\"name\":\"Organizational Leadership Researc | \\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\",\"headline\":\"Organizational Leadership Researc\",\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?author=1#author\"},\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/#organization\"},\"datePublished\":\"2015-06-02T11:02:43+08:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-06-02T11:03:02+08:00\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-TW\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#webpage\"},\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#webpage\"},\"articleSection\":\"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#breadcrumblist\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal#listItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"\\u4e3b\\u9801\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=89#listItem\",\"name\":\"-Table of Content-\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=89#listItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"-Table of Content-\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=89\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=109#listItem\",\"name\":\"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal#listItem\",\"name\":\"\\u4e3b\\u9801\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=109#listItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=109\",\"nextItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#listItem\",\"name\":\"Organizational Leadership Researc\"},\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=89#listItem\",\"name\":\"-Table of Content-\"}},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#listItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Organizational Leadership Researc\",\"previousItem\":{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?cat=109#listItem\",\"name\":\"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level\"}}]},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\",\"description\":\"\\u300a\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\\u300b\\u662f\\u4e00\\u672c\\u5b78\\u8853\\u6027\\u671f\\u520a\\uff0c\\u5275\\u8fa6\\u65bc1999\\u5e74\\uff0c\\u4ee5\\u5b63\\u520a\\u5f62\\u5f0f\\u6bcf\\u5e74\\u51fa\\u7248\\u56db\\u671f\\uff0c\\u81ea\\u7b2c58\\u671f\\u8d77\\u6539\\u70ba\\u534a\\u5e74\\u520a\\uff0c\\u65bc6\\u6708\\u53ca12\\u6708\\u51fa\\u7248\\u3002\\u672c\\u520a\\u7684\\u5275\\u8fa6\\u5b97\\u65e8\\u662f\\u7d50\\u5408\\u5404\\u500b\\u83ef\\u4eba\\u793e\\u6703\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u8005\\u3001\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u8005\\u53ca\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u793e\\u6703\\u79d1\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\u8005\\uff0c\\u5171\\u540c\\u63a8\\u52d5\\u4ee5\\u300c\\u4eba\\u300d\\u70ba\\u95dc\\u6ce8\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\uff0c\\u53ca\\u4ee5\\u300c\\u4eba\\u300d\\u70ba\\u95dc\\u61f7\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u61c9\\u7528\\uff0c\\u671f\\u80fd\\u5f37\\u5316\\u4e0d\\u540c\\u7814\\u7a76\\u9818\\u57df\\u6216\\u5178\\u7bc4\\u4e4b\\u9593\\uff0c\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u4e4b\\u9593\\u7684\\u6e9d\\u901a\\u8207\\u5171\\u5275\\u3002  \\u672c\\u520a\\u4ee5\\u5275\\u65b0\\u3001\\u5c0d\\u8a71\\u3001\\u878d\\u5408\\u70ba\\u6838\\u5fc3\\u7de8\\u8f2f\\u7406\\u5ff5\\uff0c\\u5e0c\\u671b\\u900f\\u904e\\u5275\\u65b0\\uff0c\\u523a\\u6fc0\\u65b0\\u7684\\u601d\\u8003\\u65b9\\u5411\\uff0c\\u767c\\u5c55\\u65b0\\u7684\\u7814\\u7a76\\u4e3b\\u984c\\uff1b\\u63d0\\u4f9b\\u958b\\u95ca\\u7684\\u5712\\u5730\\uff0c\\u4fc3\\u9032\\u4e0d\\u540c\\u7814\\u7a76\\u9818\\u57df\\u8207\\u5178\\u7bc4\\u9593\\u7684\\u5c0d\\u8a71\\u8207\\u5c0a\\u91cd\\uff1b\\u5728\\u5167\\u5bb9\\u53d6\\u5411\\u4e0a\\uff0c\\u5247\\u5f37\\u8abf\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u517c\\u5177\\u79d1\\u5b78\\u8207\\u4eba\\u6587\\u7684\\u672c\\u8cea\\uff0c\\u4fc3\\u9032\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u7684\\u878d\\u5408\\uff0c\\u5f70\\u986f\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7684\\u7279\\u8272\\u3002  \\u70ba\\u78ba\\u4fdd\\u8ad6\\u6587\\u7684\\u5b78\\u8853\\u54c1\\u8cea\\uff0c\\u672c\\u520a\\u8a2d\\u6709\\u56b4\\u8b39\\u7684\\u540c\\u5115\\u5be9\\u67e5\\u5236\\u5ea6\\uff0c\\u7de8\\u59d4\\u6703\\u4e26\\u7db2\\u7f85\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u61c9\\u7528\\u9818\\u57df\\u7684\\u7cbe\\u82f1\\uff0c\\u5168\\u5fc3\\u6295\\u5165\\u671f\\u520a\\u7684\\u7de8\\u5be9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u3002\\u672c\\u520a\\u5167\\u5bb9\\u4e0d\\u50c5\\u6d89\\u7375\\u570b\\u969b\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\u7684\\u65b0\\u601d\\u6f6e\\uff0c\\u4ea6\\u878d\\u5408\\u5728\\u5730\\u672c\\u571f\\u7684\\u5275\\u65b0\\u7814\\u7a76\\uff0c\\u56de\\u61c9\\u7576\\u524d\\u793e\\u6703\\u7684\\u95dc\\u6ce8\\u8207\\u9700\\u6c42\\u3002\\u6b61\\u8fce\\u60a8\\u7684\\u8a02\\u95b1\\u53ca\\u8cdc\\u7a3f\\u652f\\u6301\\uff0c\\u8b93\\u6211\\u5011\\u70ba\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7684\\u5b78\\u8853\\u7814\\u7a76\\u548c\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u4e4b\\u6df1\\u8015\\u8207\\u8301\\u58ef\\u5171\\u540c\\u52aa\\u529b\\uff0c\\u7d93\\u71df\\u4e00\\u4efd\\u6709\\u7406\\u5ff5\\u3001\\u6709\\u7279\\u8272\\u7684\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u5b78\\u8853\\u520a\\u7269\\u3002\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?author=1#author\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?author=1\",\"name\":\"admin\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#webpage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187\",\"name\":\"Organizational Leadership Researc | \\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\",\"description\":\"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-TW\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/#website\"},\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?p=3187#breadcrumblist\"},\"author\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?author=1#author\"},\"creator\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/?author=1#author\"},\"datePublished\":\"2015-06-02T11:02:43+08:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2015-06-02T11:03:02+08:00\"},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/\",\"name\":\"\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\",\"description\":\"\\u300a\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u7814\\u7a76\\u300b\\u662f\\u4e00\\u672c\\u5b78\\u8853\\u6027\\u671f\\u520a\\uff0c\\u5275\\u8fa6\\u65bc1999\\u5e74\\uff0c\\u4ee5\\u5b63\\u520a\\u5f62\\u5f0f\\u6bcf\\u5e74\\u51fa\\u7248\\u56db\\u671f\\uff0c\\u81ea\\u7b2c58\\u671f\\u8d77\\u6539\\u70ba\\u534a\\u5e74\\u520a\\uff0c\\u65bc6\\u6708\\u53ca12\\u6708\\u51fa\\u7248\\u3002\\u672c\\u520a\\u7684\\u5275\\u8fa6\\u5b97\\u65e8\\u662f\\u7d50\\u5408\\u5404\\u500b\\u83ef\\u4eba\\u793e\\u6703\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u8005\\u3001\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u8005\\u53ca\\u5176\\u4ed6\\u793e\\u6703\\u79d1\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\u8005\\uff0c\\u5171\\u540c\\u63a8\\u52d5\\u4ee5\\u300c\\u4eba\\u300d\\u70ba\\u95dc\\u6ce8\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\uff0c\\u53ca\\u4ee5\\u300c\\u4eba\\u300d\\u70ba\\u95dc\\u61f7\\u7684\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u61c9\\u7528\\uff0c\\u671f\\u80fd\\u5f37\\u5316\\u4e0d\\u540c\\u7814\\u7a76\\u9818\\u57df\\u6216\\u5178\\u7bc4\\u4e4b\\u9593\\uff0c\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u4e4b\\u9593\\u7684\\u6e9d\\u901a\\u8207\\u5171\\u5275\\u3002  \\u672c\\u520a\\u4ee5\\u5275\\u65b0\\u3001\\u5c0d\\u8a71\\u3001\\u878d\\u5408\\u70ba\\u6838\\u5fc3\\u7de8\\u8f2f\\u7406\\u5ff5\\uff0c\\u5e0c\\u671b\\u900f\\u904e\\u5275\\u65b0\\uff0c\\u523a\\u6fc0\\u65b0\\u7684\\u601d\\u8003\\u65b9\\u5411\\uff0c\\u767c\\u5c55\\u65b0\\u7684\\u7814\\u7a76\\u4e3b\\u984c\\uff1b\\u63d0\\u4f9b\\u958b\\u95ca\\u7684\\u5712\\u5730\\uff0c\\u4fc3\\u9032\\u4e0d\\u540c\\u7814\\u7a76\\u9818\\u57df\\u8207\\u5178\\u7bc4\\u9593\\u7684\\u5c0d\\u8a71\\u8207\\u5c0a\\u91cd\\uff1b\\u5728\\u5167\\u5bb9\\u53d6\\u5411\\u4e0a\\uff0c\\u5247\\u5f37\\u8abf\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u517c\\u5177\\u79d1\\u5b78\\u8207\\u4eba\\u6587\\u7684\\u672c\\u8cea\\uff0c\\u4fc3\\u9032\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u7684\\u878d\\u5408\\uff0c\\u5f70\\u986f\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7684\\u7279\\u8272\\u3002  \\u70ba\\u78ba\\u4fdd\\u8ad6\\u6587\\u7684\\u5b78\\u8853\\u54c1\\u8cea\\uff0c\\u672c\\u520a\\u8a2d\\u6709\\u56b4\\u8b39\\u7684\\u540c\\u5115\\u5be9\\u67e5\\u5236\\u5ea6\\uff0c\\u7de8\\u59d4\\u6703\\u4e26\\u7db2\\u7f85\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7406\\u8ad6\\u8207\\u61c9\\u7528\\u9818\\u57df\\u7684\\u7cbe\\u82f1\\uff0c\\u5168\\u5fc3\\u6295\\u5165\\u671f\\u520a\\u7684\\u7de8\\u5be9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u3002\\u672c\\u520a\\u5167\\u5bb9\\u4e0d\\u50c5\\u6d89\\u7375\\u570b\\u969b\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7814\\u7a76\\u7684\\u65b0\\u601d\\u6f6e\\uff0c\\u4ea6\\u878d\\u5408\\u5728\\u5730\\u672c\\u571f\\u7684\\u5275\\u65b0\\u7814\\u7a76\\uff0c\\u56de\\u61c9\\u7576\\u524d\\u793e\\u6703\\u7684\\u95dc\\u6ce8\\u8207\\u9700\\u6c42\\u3002\\u6b61\\u8fce\\u60a8\\u7684\\u8a02\\u95b1\\u53ca\\u8cdc\\u7a3f\\u652f\\u6301\\uff0c\\u8b93\\u6211\\u5011\\u70ba\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u7684\\u5b78\\u8853\\u7814\\u7a76\\u548c\\u5be6\\u52d9\\u5de5\\u4f5c\\u4e4b\\u6df1\\u8015\\u8207\\u8301\\u58ef\\u5171\\u540c\\u52aa\\u529b\\uff0c\\u7d93\\u71df\\u4e00\\u4efd\\u6709\\u7406\\u5ff5\\u3001\\u6709\\u7279\\u8272\\u7684\\u61c9\\u7528\\u5fc3\\u7406\\u5b78\\u5b78\\u8853\\u520a\\u7269\\u3002\",\"inLanguage\":\"zh-TW\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\\\/journal\\\/#organization\"}}]}\n\t\t<\/script>\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO -->\n\n","aioseo_head_json":{"title":"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","description":"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu","canonical_url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187","robots":"max-image-preview:large","keywords":"","webmasterTools":{"miscellaneous":""},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#article","name":"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","headline":"Organizational Leadership Researc","author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?author=1#author"},"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/#organization"},"datePublished":"2015-06-02T11:02:43+08:00","dateModified":"2015-06-02T11:03:02+08:00","inLanguage":"zh-TW","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#webpage"},"isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#webpage"},"articleSection":"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#breadcrumblist","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal#listItem","position":1,"name":"\u4e3b\u9801","item":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89#listItem","name":"-Table of Content-"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89#listItem","position":2,"name":"-Table of Content-","item":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109#listItem","name":"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal#listItem","name":"\u4e3b\u9801"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109#listItem","position":3,"name":"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level","item":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109","nextItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#listItem","name":"Organizational Leadership Researc"},"previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89#listItem","name":"-Table of Content-"}},{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#listItem","position":4,"name":"Organizational Leadership Researc","previousItem":{"@type":"ListItem","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109#listItem","name":"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level"}}]},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/#organization","name":"\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","description":"\u300a\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5275\u8fa6\u65bc1999\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b63\u520a\u5f62\u5f0f\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u81ea\u7b2c58\u671f\u8d77\u6539\u70ba\u534a\u5e74\u520a\uff0c\u65bc6\u6708\u53ca12\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u7d50\u5408\u5404\u500b\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52d5\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u5f37\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u6216\u5178\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u5171\u5275\u3002  \u672c\u520a\u4ee5\u5275\u65b0\u3001\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u878d\u5408\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7de8\u8f2f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u958b\u95ca\u7684\u5712\u5730\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u8207\u5178\u7bc4\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\uff1b\u5728\u5167\u5bb9\u53d6\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u517c\u5177\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002  \u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u672c\u520a\u8a2d\u6709\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u540c\u5115\u5be9\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7de8\u59d4\u6703\u4e26\u7db2\u7f85\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u5168\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7de8\u5be9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5167\u5bb9\u4e0d\u50c5\u6d89\u7375\u570b\u969b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ea6\u878d\u5408\u5728\u5730\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u7576\u524d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u8207\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b61\u8fce\u60a8\u7684\u8a02\u95b1\u53ca\u8cdc\u7a3f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6df1\u8015\u8207\u8301\u58ef\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7d93\u71df\u4e00\u4efd\u6709\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u520a\u7269\u3002","url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?author=1#author","url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?author=1","name":"admin"},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#webpage","url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187","name":"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","description":"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu","inLanguage":"zh-TW","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187#breadcrumblist"},"author":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?author=1#author"},"creator":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?author=1#author"},"datePublished":"2015-06-02T11:02:43+08:00","dateModified":"2015-06-02T11:03:02+08:00"},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/","name":"\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","description":"\u300a\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5275\u8fa6\u65bc1999\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b63\u520a\u5f62\u5f0f\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u81ea\u7b2c58\u671f\u8d77\u6539\u70ba\u534a\u5e74\u520a\uff0c\u65bc6\u6708\u53ca12\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u7d50\u5408\u5404\u500b\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52d5\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u5f37\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u6216\u5178\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u5171\u5275\u3002  \u672c\u520a\u4ee5\u5275\u65b0\u3001\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u878d\u5408\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7de8\u8f2f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u958b\u95ca\u7684\u5712\u5730\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u8207\u5178\u7bc4\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\uff1b\u5728\u5167\u5bb9\u53d6\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u517c\u5177\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002  \u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u672c\u520a\u8a2d\u6709\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u540c\u5115\u5be9\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7de8\u59d4\u6703\u4e26\u7db2\u7f85\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u5168\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7de8\u5be9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5167\u5bb9\u4e0d\u50c5\u6d89\u7375\u570b\u969b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ea6\u878d\u5408\u5728\u5730\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u7576\u524d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u8207\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b61\u8fce\u60a8\u7684\u8a02\u95b1\u53ca\u8cdc\u7a3f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6df1\u8015\u8207\u8301\u58ef\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7d93\u71df\u4e00\u4efd\u6709\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u520a\u7269\u3002","inLanguage":"zh-TW","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/#organization"}}]},"og:locale":"zh_TW","og:site_name":"\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76 | \u300a\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u662f\u4e00\u672c\u5b78\u8853\u6027\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5275\u8fa6\u65bc1999\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u5b63\u520a\u5f62\u5f0f\u6bcf\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u56db\u671f\uff0c\u81ea\u7b2c58\u671f\u8d77\u6539\u70ba\u534a\u5e74\u520a\uff0c\u65bc6\u6708\u53ca12\u6708\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u672c\u520a\u7684\u5275\u8fa6\u5b97\u65e8\u662f\u7d50\u5408\u5404\u500b\u83ef\u4eba\u793e\u6703\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u8005\u3001\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u8005\u53ca\u5176\u4ed6\u793e\u6703\u79d1\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u8005\uff0c\u5171\u540c\u63a8\u52d5\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u6ce8\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u53ca\u4ee5\u300c\u4eba\u300d\u70ba\u95dc\u61f7\u7684\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u671f\u80fd\u5f37\u5316\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u6216\u5178\u7bc4\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u6e9d\u901a\u8207\u5171\u5275\u3002  \u672c\u520a\u4ee5\u5275\u65b0\u3001\u5c0d\u8a71\u3001\u878d\u5408\u70ba\u6838\u5fc3\u7de8\u8f2f\u7406\u5ff5\uff0c\u5e0c\u671b\u900f\u904e\u5275\u65b0\uff0c\u523a\u6fc0\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8003\u65b9\u5411\uff0c\u767c\u5c55\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\uff1b\u63d0\u4f9b\u958b\u95ca\u7684\u5712\u5730\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u4e0d\u540c\u7814\u7a76\u9818\u57df\u8207\u5178\u7bc4\u9593\u7684\u5c0d\u8a71\u8207\u5c0a\u91cd\uff1b\u5728\u5167\u5bb9\u53d6\u5411\u4e0a\uff0c\u5247\u5f37\u8abf\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u517c\u5177\u79d1\u5b78\u8207\u4eba\u6587\u7684\u672c\u8cea\uff0c\u4fc3\u9032\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u5be6\u52d9\u7684\u878d\u5408\uff0c\u5f70\u986f\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u7279\u8272\u3002  \u70ba\u78ba\u4fdd\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u54c1\u8cea\uff0c\u672c\u520a\u8a2d\u6709\u56b4\u8b39\u7684\u540c\u5115\u5be9\u67e5\u5236\u5ea6\uff0c\u7de8\u59d4\u6703\u4e26\u7db2\u7f85\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u61c9\u7528\u9818\u57df\u7684\u7cbe\u82f1\uff0c\u5168\u5fc3\u6295\u5165\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7de8\u5be9\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002\u672c\u520a\u5167\u5bb9\u4e0d\u50c5\u6d89\u7375\u570b\u969b\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b0\u601d\u6f6e\uff0c\u4ea6\u878d\u5408\u5728\u5730\u672c\u571f\u7684\u5275\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56de\u61c9\u7576\u524d\u793e\u6703\u7684\u95dc\u6ce8\u8207\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u6b61\u8fce\u60a8\u7684\u8a02\u95b1\u53ca\u8cdc\u7a3f\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u8b93\u6211\u5011\u70ba\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u7684\u5b78\u8853\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u5be6\u52d9\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e4b\u6df1\u8015\u8207\u8301\u58ef\u5171\u540c\u52aa\u529b\uff0c\u7d93\u71df\u4e00\u4efd\u6709\u7406\u5ff5\u3001\u6709\u7279\u8272\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u5b78\u5b78\u8853\u520a\u7269\u3002","og:type":"article","og:title":"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","og:description":"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu","og:url":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187","article:published_time":"2015-06-02T03:02:43+00:00","article:modified_time":"2015-06-02T03:03:02+00:00","twitter:card":"summary_large_image","twitter:title":"Organizational Leadership Researc | \u61c9\u7528\u5fc3\u7406\u7814\u7a76","twitter:description":"Min-Ping Huang Department of Business Administration Yu"},"aioseo_meta_data":{"post_id":"3187","title":null,"description":null,"keywords":null,"keyphrases":null,"primary_term":null,"canonical_url":null,"og_title":null,"og_description":null,"og_object_type":"default","og_image_type":"default","og_image_url":null,"og_image_width":null,"og_image_height":null,"og_image_custom_url":null,"og_image_custom_fields":null,"og_video":null,"og_custom_url":null,"og_article_section":null,"og_article_tags":null,"twitter_use_og":false,"twitter_card":"default","twitter_image_type":"default","twitter_image_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_url":null,"twitter_image_custom_fields":null,"twitter_title":null,"twitter_description":null,"schema":{"blockGraphs":[],"customGraphs":[],"default":{"data":{"Article":[],"Course":[],"Dataset":[],"FAQPage":[],"Movie":[],"Person":[],"Product":[],"ProductReview":[],"Car":[],"Recipe":[],"Service":[],"SoftwareApplication":[],"WebPage":[]},"graphName":"","isEnabled":true},"graphs":[]},"schema_type":"default","schema_type_options":null,"pillar_content":false,"robots_default":true,"robots_noindex":false,"robots_noarchive":false,"robots_nosnippet":false,"robots_nofollow":false,"robots_noimageindex":false,"robots_noodp":false,"robots_notranslate":false,"robots_max_snippet":null,"robots_max_videopreview":null,"robots_max_imagepreview":"large","priority":null,"frequency":null,"local_seo":null,"limit_modified_date":false,"created":"2023-04-17 08:54:21","updated":"2026-06-17 16:17:15","ai":null,"breadcrumb_settings":null,"seo_analyzer_scan_date":null},"aioseo_breadcrumb":"<div class=\"aioseo-breadcrumbs\"><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\" title=\"\u4e3b\u9801\">\u4e3b\u9801<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89\" title=\"-Table of Content-\">-Table of Content-<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109\" title=\"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level\">20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level<\/a>\n\t\t<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb-separator\">&raquo;<\/span><span class=\"aioseo-breadcrumb\">\n\t\t\tOrganizational Leadership Researc\n\t\t<\/span><\/div>","aioseo_breadcrumb_json":[{"label":"\u4e3b\u9801","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal"},{"label":"-Table of Content-","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=89"},{"label":"20-Retrospect and Prospect in the Study of Organizational Behavior: The Group and Organization Level","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?cat=109"},{"label":"Organizational Leadership Researc","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=3187"}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3187","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3187"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3187\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3189,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3187\/revisions\/3189"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3187"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3187"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3187"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}