{"id":2975,"date":"2015-05-26T14:21:46","date_gmt":"2015-05-26T06:21:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org\/journal\/?p=2975"},"modified":"2015-05-26T14:21:57","modified_gmt":"2015-05-26T06:21:57","slug":"single-word-processing-insights-from-research-on-brain-damaged-patients","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.appliedpsyj.org.tw\/journal\/?p=2975","title":{"rendered":"Single Word Processing: Insights from Research on Brain-damaged Patients"},"content":{"rendered":"

Denise-Hsien Wu<\/strong>
\nInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience\u00a0National Central University<\/p>\n

The relationship between the brain and behaviors has been the focus of the\u00a0research in cognitive neuroscience. In addition to linking different neural\u00a0substrates to different cognitive abilities, studies in this field have provided\u00a0valuable information on the mechanisms underlying human cognition. Compared\u00a0with other advanced techniques employed in cognitive neuroscience, studies on\u00a0brain-damaged patients have a long history and unique contribution to the field.\u00a0Specifically, the selective disruption of some task performance signifies the\u00a0functional independence of a cognitive component subserving that task. The\u00a0double dissociation between two functions further suggests the dissociation,\u00a0possibly both functionally and anatomically, of two components. In the current\u00a0overview, I first introduced the Wernicke-Lichtheim model, which is mainly\u00a0constructed from brain-damaged patients\u2019 behavioral impairments. I also reviewed\u00a0the criticisms and modifications to this traditional view. Next, the\u00a0neuropsychological findings regarding the processes involved in single word\u00a0comprehension and production were summarized. Evidence for separate lexical,\u00a0syntactic, and semantic representations of a word was briefly discussed. Among\u00a0lexical representations, further segregation between input and output phonological\u00a0and orthographic representations was demonstrated by case reports on single\u00a0patient\u2019s selective deficits. The organization of semantic and grammatical\u00a0representations was also proposed to account for patients\u2019 performance. From this\u00a0overview of cognitive neuropsychological findings, we can conclude that our\u00a0understanding of the functional organization of single word processing has\u00a0progressed considerably since the Wernicke-Lichtheim model was proposed. In\u00a0particular, considerable knowledge has accumulated concerning the organization\u00a0of the systems involved in single word processing for both speech and writing\u00a0during the past two decades. The data-collected have had important implications\u00a0for various issues that have been greatly debated in the normal literature. More\u00a0work is needed to elucidate the linguistic processing\/representations at the\u00a0sentence level and to contribute to the development of theories of language\u00a0processing.<\/p>\n

Keywords: Neuropsychology, phonological and orthographic representations,\u00a0semantic and syntactic representations, Wernicke-Lichtheim model,\u00a0single-case approach<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Denise-Hsien Wu Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience\u00a0Nat …<\/span> Read More →<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2975","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-117"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t